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Definition 2024
森
森
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
森 (radical 75 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木木木 (DDD), four-corner 40994, composition ⿱木林)
References
- KangXi: page 534, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14974
- Dae Jaweon: page 922, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1226, character 2
- Unihan data for U+68EE
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
森 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 森 is composed of 木 (“wood, tree”) repeated three times to suggest a large number (compare 三) of trees such as one would find in a forest. Compare 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄣ
- Wade-Giles: sên1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sen
- IPA (key): /sən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: sam1
- Yale: sām
- Cantonese Pinyin: sam1
- IPA (key): /sɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 森 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /sən⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʂən⁴⁴/ /sən⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /sən²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /ʂẽ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʂə̃²¹²³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʂən²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /sẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /sə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /səŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʂə̃n³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /sɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /sen⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /sə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /sən³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /sən²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /səŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /səŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /sə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /səŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /sen³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /saŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /sʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /san¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /sən³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /sən³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɛn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sem⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /sem²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐm⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /sɐm⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /sɐm⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /sim⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /sɛiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /saiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/siam³³/ /sim³³/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /sim²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 森 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 所今切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʃˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʃᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʃiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʂjim/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʃjəm/ |
| Wang Li |
/ʃĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʂi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
shēn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 森 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
sēn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ srim › |
| Old Chinese |
/*s.rəm/ |
| English | dense trees |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 森 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11003 |
| Phonetic component |
森 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
森 |
| Old Chinese |
/*srɯm/ |
Definitions
森
Compounds
|
Japanese
Kanji
森
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 森 |
|
もり Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
- forest (dense collection of trees)
Derived terms
Synonyms
Proper noun
- A surname.
References
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3