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Definition 2024


昨日

昨日

Chinese

yesterday
 
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(昨日)

Noun

昨日

  1. (literary or dialectal) yesterday
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 昨天 (“yesterday”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 昨日
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 昨日昨天
Mandarin Beijing 昨兒昨天昨兒個夜兒個
Taiwan 昨天
Harbin 昨兒昨兒個
Shenyang 昨兒個
Jinan 昨天夜來
Muping 夜兒
Luoyang 夜兒日兒、夜兒個
Wanrong 夜兒個、夜個
Xi'an 夜個
Xining 夜來、夜來個兒
Xuzhou 昨兒個兒、早昨兒個兒、昨每兒、早昨每兒、昨天、早昨天
Yinchuan
Ürümqi 昨天夜天
Wuhan 昨日昨天
Chengdu 昨天
Guiyang 昨天
Liuzhou 昨天
Kunming 昨日
Yangzhou 昨個、昨個子
Nanjing 昨兒昨兒個昨天
Hefei 昨個
Nantong 昨子
Malaysia 昨天
Singapore 昨天
Cantonese Guangzhou 尋日琴日
Hong Kong 尋日琴日
Taishan 昨日
Yangjiang 昨日
Gan Nanchang 昨日
Lichuan 昨日
Pingxiang 昨日
Hakka Meixian 秋晡日、昨晡日
Xingning 參晡日
Huidong (Huizhou) 參晡日
Qujiang 昨晡日
Xiaosanjiang 初晡日
Changting 昨晡
Pingyu 昨晡日
Wuping 昨晡
Liancheng 昨晡
Ninghua 昌日
Yudu 昨日
Ruijin 昨日
Shicheng 昨日
Shangyou 昨日
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 昨晡日
Liudui (S. Sixian) 昨晡日
Hsinchu (Hailu) 昨晡日
Dongshi (Dabu) 昨晡、昨晡日
Zhuolan (Raoping) 昨晡日昨日
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 昨日
Hui Jixi 頭朝
Jin Taiyuan 夜天夜來
Xinzhou 夜來
Min Bei Jian'ou 隔暝、昨暝
Min Dong Fuzhou 昨暝
Min Nan Quanzhou 昨日
Xiamen 昨昏昨日
Zhangzhou 昨昏昨日昨仔日
Taipei 昨昏昨暗
Kaohsiung 昨昏
Tainan 昨昏
Taichung 昨昏
Yilan 昨昏
Lukang 昨日昨昏
Sanxia 昨昏
Kinmen 昨昏
Magong 昨昏
Hsinchu 昨昏
Malaysia 昨昏
Chaozhou 昨日
Haikou 昨晡、昨晡日
Leizhou 昨暗、昨暗日
Pinghua Nanning 昨日
Wu Shanghai 昨日昨日子昨天昨天子
Suzhou 昨日
Hangzhou 上額子、昨日子昨天子
Wenzhou 昨夜
Chongming 昨日
Danyang 昨五
Jinhua 昨日兒
Ningbo 昨密、昨密子、昨末、昨末子、昨日昨日子
Xiang Changsha 昨日昨日子
Shuangfeng 昨日
Loudi 昨日

Pronunciation 2

Alternative forms

  • 佐日

Noun

昨日

  1. (Min) day before yesterday
    𪜶翁仔某昨日出國𨑨迌 [Min Nan, trad.]
    𪜶翁仔某昨日出国𨑨迌 [Min Nan, simp.]
    In nn̄g ang-á-bó͘ cho̍h--ji̍t tō chhut-kok khì chhit-thô--ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The husband and wife went out of the country the day before yesterday to play.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
Grade: 4 Grade: 1
Irregular

/ki no pu//kinoɸu/ → */kinowu//kinou//kinoː/

From Old Japanese. The initial ki is unclear, but is likely the same ki element that appears in other words pertaining to the past. This may be related to the now-obsolete auxiliary verb (ki) indicating the recollective past -- see けり (keri). The middle no appears to be the regular genitive particle (no). The final pu is an apophonic form of (hi, day).[1]

The kanji are an example of jukujikun.

Pronunciation

Noun

昨日 (hiragana きのう, romaji kinō, historical hiragana きのふ)

  1. yesterday
    昨日 (きのう)東京 (とうきょう) (くも)りでしたか。
    Kinō, Tōkyō wa kumori deshita ka.
    Was it cloudy in Tokyo yesterday?

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
さく
Grade: 4
じつ
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 昨日 (dzak nyit, literally yesterday + day ). Compare modern Cantonese reading zok6 jat6.

Pronunciation

Noun

昨日 (hiragana さくじつ, romaji sakujitsu)

  1. yesterday

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
Grade: 4 Grade: 1
Irregular

From Old Japanese. The initial ki is unclear, but is likely the same ki element that appears in other words pertaining to the past. This may be related to the now-obsolete auxiliary verb (ki) indicating the recollective past -- see けり (keri). The final so is also unclear, but is probably the same as the final zo in 去年 (こぞ) (kozo).[1]

This may have been read as kizo in Old Japanese.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Irregular reading)
  • IPA(key): [kʲiso̞]

Noun

昨日 (hiragana きそ, romaji kiso)

  1. last night
  2. yesterday
Coordinate terms

References

  1. 1 2 3 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  4. 1 2 3 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0