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Definition 2024

戇

戇

See also: 戆

Translingual

Han character

戇 (radical 61 心+24, 28 strokes, cangjie input X卜金心 (XYCP) or 卜金心 (YCP), four-corner 07338, composition ⿱贛心)

References

  • KangXi: page 409, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11525
  • Dae Jaweon: page 751, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2373, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6207

Chinese

trad. 戇
simp. 戆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 戇
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (夅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
贛 *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms
灨 *kluːmʔ, *kluːms
竷 *kʰluːms
戇 *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms
洚 *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ, *ɡloːŋ, *ɡluːŋ
降 *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ
絳 *kruːŋs
栙 *ɡruːŋ
夅 *ɡruːŋ
跭 *ɡruːŋ
隆 *ɡ·ruːŋ
癃 *ɡ·ruːŋ
窿 *ɡ·ruːŋ
霳 *ɡ·ruːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms) : phonetic 贛 ‎(OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) + semantic 心.

Etymology 1

“Stupid”. Attested abundantly in Old Chinese, but obsolete in modern varieties. Compared with Proto-Mon *trɔɔʔ (> Mon သ္ဒိုဟ် ‎(tɜ̀h, “foolish, stupid”)) by Schuessler (2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 戇 戇
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 江 (9)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I II
Fanqie 呼貢切 陟降切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /huŋH/ /ʈˠʌŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /huŋH/ /ʈᵚɔŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /həwŋH/ /ʈaɨwŋH/
Li
Rong		 /xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Wang
Li		 /xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hòng zhuàng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 戇 戇
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6277 6291
Phonetic
component		 夅 夅
Rime
group		 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 戇 烘
Old
Chinese		 /*kr'oːms/ /*qʰloːms/

Definitions

戇

  1. †stupid
  2. †blunt and tactless

Etymology 2

Dialectally preserved word for “stupid”, attested since Middle Chinese. Relationship to Etymology 1 is unknown.

Compare Proto-Central Chin *ŋoŋ (“dull, stupid”) > Mizo ngawng ‎(“dull, stupid”), Proto-Tai-Kadai *ŋV:ŋ.T (“stupid”) > Zhuang nguengh ‎(“stupid”), as well as Old Khmer lṅaṅya ‎(“stupid, obtuse, ignorant”) > Khmer ល្ងង់ ‎(lngông)).

Bauer (1996) suggests that this root may have entered Old Southern Chinese during the period of its early contact with Tai-speaking peoples in southern China.

Pronunciation

Definitions

戇

  1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) stupid; foolish; simple; simple-minded
  2. (dialectal Mandarin) stubborn; bull-headed
  3. (dialectal Mandarin) frank; honest; straight
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 傻 (“stupid”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 傻
Mandarin Beijing 傻
Taiwan 傻
Tianjin 傻
Xi'an 瓜
Wuhan 苕、哈、嘎
Chengdu 哈、瓜
Yangzhou 呆、木足、瓜
Hefei 呆、傻
Cantonese Guangzhou 戇、傻
Yangjiang 傻、戇
Gan Nanchang 蟬
Hakka Meixian 傻、戇
Jin Taiyuan 傻、二不楞
Min Dong Fuzhou 戇
Min Nan Xiamen 戇
Wu Shanghai 戇
Suzhou 戇
Wenzhou 呆、憨
Xiang Changsha 寶、醒
Shuangfeng 哈

Compounds

  • 戇婆／戆婆
  • 戇小子／戆小子
  • 戇居／戆居
  • 戇居佬／戆居佬
  • 戇居居／戆居居
  • 戇戇／戆戆
  • 戇搭搭／戆搭搭
  • 戇正／戆正
  • 戇狗／戆狗
  • 戇的／戆的
  • 戇直／戆直
  • 戇神／戆神
  • 戇膽／戆胆
  • 戇話／戆话
  • 戇錢／戆钱
  • 戇頭／戆头
  • 戇頭子／戆头子
  • 戇頭戇腦／戆头戆脑
  • 戇馬／戆马
  • 戇鳩／戆鸠
  • 詐戇／诈戆
  • 霎戇／霎戆

Japanese

Kanji

戇

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

戇 • ‎(dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune-Reischauer tang, Yale tang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

戇 (tráng)

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