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Definition 2024

恭

恭

Translingual

Han character

恭 (radical 61 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金心 (TCP), four-corner 44338, composition ⿱共㣺)

  1. respectful, polite, reverent

References

  • KangXi: page 385, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10596
  • Dae Jaweon: page 717, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2299, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+606D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 恭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 恭
Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
港 *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷 *ɡroːŋs
衖 *ɡroːŋs
鬨 *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘 *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪 *ɡloːŋ
鉷 *ɡloːŋ
谼 *ɡloːŋ
葓 *ɡoːŋ
哄 *ɡloːŋs
蕻 *ɡloːŋs
恭 *kloŋ
供 *kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔 *kloŋ
珙 *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共 *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸 *kloŋ
拱 *kloŋʔ
拲 *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱 *kloŋʔ
輁 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼 *ɡloŋ
輂 *kloɡ

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 恭
Mandarin Beijing /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuŋ²¹/
Jinan /kuŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /kəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kuŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /kuŋ²¹/
Xining /kuə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kũn³¹/
Ürümqi /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /koŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /koŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /koŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /koŋ/
Nanjing /koŋ³¹/
Hefei /kəŋ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /kuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /kũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /koŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /koŋ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /koŋ³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕyɔ³³/
/koŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /kuʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /kan¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /koŋ³³/
Xiangtan /kən³³/
Gan Nanchang /kuŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kiuŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kioŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /koŋ⁵³/
Nanning /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kiɔŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kioŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /koŋ²³/
Rime
Character 恭
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kuawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kioŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiōng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 恭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjowng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*k<r>oŋ/
English respectful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 恭
Reading # 1/1
No. 4166
Phonetic
component		 共
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 恭
Old
Chinese		 /*kloŋ/

Definitions

恭

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Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji

恭

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. respect

Readings

Korean

Hanja

恭 • ‎(gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune-Reischauer kong, Yale kong)

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Vietnamese

Han character

恭 (cung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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