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Definition 2024
virkkaa
virkkaa
Finnish
(index vi)
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: virk‧kaa
- IPA(key): /ˈvirkːɑː(ʔ)/
Verb
virkkaa
- (intransitive, rare, literary, dialectal) To speak, talk.
- (transitive, rare, literary, dialectal) To say, utter.
- Hän virkkaa.
- S/he says.
- Hän virkkaa.
Usage notes
- This verb is in literary use but also occurs in eastern Finnish dialects, so it can be considered as belonging to standard Finnish despite being very rare there. The only common occurrence of this verb in standard Finnish is the saying älä muuta virka (= damn right(!), a slightly sarcastic reply indicating complete agreement; literally: "don't say anything else").
- Note also the grammatical exception — the vowel changes: the verb's endings have back vowels (a, o, u) in the active voice, but front vowels (ä, ö, y) in the passive. The conjugation is shown in the verb's own conjugation table.
Conjugation
| Inflection of virkkaa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa and 53/muistaa, kk-k gradation, irregular vowel harmony) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | virkan | en virka | 1st sing. | olen virkkanut | en ole virkkanut | |
| 2nd sing. | virkat | et virka | 2nd sing. | olet virkkanut | et ole virkkanut | |
| 3rd sing. | virkkaa | ei virka | 3rd sing. | on virkkanut | ei ole virkkanut | |
| 1st plur. | virkamme | emme virka | 1st plur. | olemme virkkaneet | emme ole virkkaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | virkatte | ette virka | 2nd plur. | olette virkkaneet | ette ole virkkaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | virkkavat | eivät virka | 3rd plur. | ovat virkkaneet | eivät ole virkkaneet | |
| passive | virketään | ei virketä | passive | on virketty | ei ole virketty | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | virkoin | en virkkanut | 1st sing. | olin virkkanut | en ollut virkkanut | |
| 2nd sing. | virkoit | et virkkanut | 2nd sing. | olit virkkanut | et ollut virkkanut | |
| 3rd sing. | virkkoi | ei virkkanut | 3rd sing. | oli virkkanut | ei ollut virkkanut | |
| 1st plur. | virkoimme | emme virkkaneet | 1st plur. | olimme virkkaneet | emme olleet virkkaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | virkoitte | ette virkkaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte virkkaneet | ette olleet virkkaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | virkkoivat | eivät virkkaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat virkkaneet | eivät olleet virkkaneet | |
| passive | virkettiin | ei virketty | passive | oli virketty | ei ollut virketty | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | virkkaisin | en virkkaisi | 1st sing. | olisin virkkanut | en olisi virkkanut | |
| 2nd sing. | virkkaisit | et virkkaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit virkkanut | et olisi virkkanut | |
| 3rd sing. | virkkaisi | ei virkkaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi virkkanut | ei olisi virkkanut | |
| 1st plur. | virkkaisimme | emme virkkaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme virkkaneet | emme olisi virkkaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | virkkaisitte | ette virkkaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte virkkaneet | ette olisi virkkaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | virkkaisivat | eivät virkkaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat virkkaneet | eivät olisi virkkaneet | |
| passive | virkettäisiin | ei virkettäisi | passive | olisi virketty | ei olisi virketty | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | virka | älä virka | 2nd sing. | ole virkkanut | älä ole virkkanut | |
| 3rd sing. | virkkakoon | älköön virkkako | 3rd sing. | olkoon virkkanut | älköön olko virkkanut | |
| 1st plur. | virkkakaamme | älkäämme virkkako | 1st plur. | olkaamme virkkaneet | älkäämme olko virkkaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | virkkakaa | älkää virkkako | 2nd plur. | olkaa virkkaneet | älkää olko virkkaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | virkkakoot | älkööt virkkako | 3rd plur. | olkoot virkkaneet | älkööt olko virkkaneet | |
| passive | virkettäköön | älköön virkettäkö | passive | olkoon virketty | älköön olko virketty | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | virkkanen | en virkkane | 1st sing. | lienen virkkanut | en liene virkkanut | |
| 2nd sing. | virkkanet | et virkkane | 2nd sing. | lienet virkkanut | et liene virkkanut | |
| 3rd sing. | virkkanee | ei virkkane | 3rd sing. | lienee virkkanut | ei liene virkkanut | |
| 1st plur. | virkkanemme | emme virkkane | 1st plur. | lienemme virkkaneet | emme liene virkkaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | virkkanette | ette virkkane | 2nd plur. | lienette virkkaneet | ette liene virkkaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | virkkanevat | eivät virkkane | 3rd plur. | lienevät virkkaneet | eivät liene virkkaneet | |
| passive | virkettäneen | ei virkettäne | passive | lienee virketty | ei liene virketty | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | virkkaa | present | virkkava | virkettävä | ||
| long 1st2 | virkkaakseen | past | virkkanut | virketty | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | virkkaessa | virkettäessä | agent1, 3 | virkkama | |
| instructive | virkkaen | — | negative | virkkamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | virkkamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. |
||
| elative | virkkamasta | — | ||||
| illative | virkkamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | virkkamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | virkkamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | virkkaman | virkettämän | ||||
| 4th | nominative | virkkaminen | ||||
| partitive | virkkamista | |||||
| 5th2 | virkkamaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: virk‧kaa
- Rhymes: sirkkaa
- IPA(key): /ˈvirkːɑː/
Verb
virkkaa
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: virk‧kaa
- IPA(key): /ˈvirkːɑː(ʔ)/
Verb
virkkaa
- Indicative present connegative form of virkata.
- Second-person singular imperative present form of virkata.
- Virkkaa!
- Crochet!
- Virkkaa!
- Second-person singular imperative present connegative form of virkata.
- Älä virkkaa!
- Don't crochet!
- Älä virkkaa!