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Webster 1913 Edition

Umbra

‖

Um′bra

,
Noun.
;
pl.
Umbrae
(#)
.
[L., a shadow.]
1.
(Astron.)
(a)
The conical shadow projected from a planet or satellite, on the side opposite to the sun, within which a spectator could see no portion of the sun’s disk; – used in contradistinction from penumbra. See
Penumbra
.
(b)
The central dark portion, or nucleus, of a sun spot.
(c)
The fainter part of a sun spot; – now more commonly called penumbra.
2.
(Zool.)
Any one of several species of sciaenoid food fishes of the genus
Umbrina
, especially the Mediterranean species (
Umbrina cirrhosa
), which is highly esteemed as a market fish; – called also
ombre
, and
umbrine
.
Umbra tree
(Bot.)
,
a tree (
Phytolacca dioica
) of the same genus as pokeweed. It is native of South America, but is now grown in southern Europe. It has large dark leaves, and a somber aspect. The juice of its berries is used for coloring wine.
J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).

Webster 1828 Edition

Umbra

UM'BRA

,
Noun.
A fish caught in the Mediterranean, generally about 12 or 14 inches long, but sometimes growing to the weight of 60 pounds. It is called also thromis and corvo.

Definition 2024

umbra

umbra

See also: umbră

English

Noun

umbra ‎(plural umbras or umbrae)

  1. A shadow.
  2. (astronomy) The central region of a sunspot.

Translations

Derived terms

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology

From Latin umbra ‎(“shadow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɔmbra/, [ˈɔmb̥ʁɑ]

Noun

umbra c (singular definite umbraen, not used in plural form)

  1. umber (pigment, colour)
  2. (as an adjective) umber (of a reddish brown colour)

Interlingua

Etymology

From Latin.

Noun

umbra ‎(plural umbras)

  1. shadow

Italian

Adjective

umbra

  1. feminine singular of umbro

Noun

umbra f ‎(plural umbre, masculine umbro)

  1. Female Umbrian; woman native or inhabitant of Umbria

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

Generally connected with Lithuanian unksna.[1] If from Old Latin *omra, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂mr-u-, *h₂mrup-; related to Ancient Greek ἀμαυρός ‎(amaurós, “dark”), Luwian 𒈠𒅈𒉿𒄿𒀀 ‎(“rot”), and 𒈠𒊒𒉿𒄿 ‎(“rotten”) (also see Hittite Maraššantiya, their name for the Kızılırmak River), and this IE source said to be a possible borrowing from a Semitic root ✓h-m-r ‎(“be red”).[2]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈum.bra/, [ˈʊm.bra]

Noun

umbra f ‎(genitive umbrae); first declension

  1. a shadow
  2. a shade
  3. a ghost

Inflection

First declension.

Case Singular Plural
nominative umbra umbrae
genitive umbrae umbrārum
dative umbrae umbrīs
accusative umbram umbrās
ablative umbrā umbrīs
vocative umbra umbrae

Derived terms

Related terms

  • umbrātiō

Descendants

  • Occitan: ombra
  • Mirandese: selombra
  • Mozarabic: úmbra
  • Portuguese: sombra
  • Romanian: umbră
  • Romansch: sumbriva, umbriva, sumbreiva
  • Russian: умбра ‎(umbra)
  • Sardinian: umbara, umbra, urma
  • Spanish: sombra

References

  • umbra in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • umbra in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Félix Gaffiot (1934), “umbra”, in Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
  • Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to exert oneself in the schools: desudare in scholae umbra or umbraculis
  • umbra in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
  1. ↑ de Vaan, Michiel, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, vol. 7, of Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, Alexander Lubotsky ed., Leiden: Brill, 2008.
  2. ↑ Whitehead, The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics, p. 13

Romanian

Noun

umbra f

  1. definite singular nominative and accusative form of umbră.

Etymology

From Latin umbra ‎(“shadow”).

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