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Definition 2024
罰
罰
Translingual
| 罚 | |
| 罰 | |
| 罰 | |
| 罸 |
Han character
罰 (radical 122 网+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 田中卜口弓 (WLYRN), four-corner 60620, composition ⿱罒䚯)
References
- KangXi: page 948, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28315
- Dae Jaweon: page 1390, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2923, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7F70
Chinese
| trad. | 罰 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 罚 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
- Wade-Giles: fa2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
- IPA (key): /fa̠³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: fat6
- Yale: faht
- Cantonese Pinyin: fat9
- IPA (key): /fɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: fad
- Hagfa Pinyim: fad6
- IPA: /fat̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoa̍t
- Tâi-lô: hua̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoat
- IPA (Xiamen): /huat̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /huat̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /huat̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /huat̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /huat̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 罰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 月 (68) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 房越切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/bʉɐt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/bʷiɐt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/biuɐt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/buat̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/biuɐt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/bĭwɐt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/bʱi̯wɐt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fá |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 罰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
fá |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ bjot › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[b][a]t/ |
| English | punish |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 罰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2865 |
| Phonetic component |
罰 |
| Rime group |
月 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
伐 |
| Old Chinese |
/*bad/ |
Definitions
罰
- to punish, to fine, to sentence
- punishment
Derived terms
Japanese
Kanji
罰
Readings
Alternative forms
- 罸 (Old character)
Compounds
- 罰金 (bakkin)
- 罰則 (bassoku)
- 罰俸 (bappō)
- 神罰 (shinbatsu): divine punishment
- 罰ゲーム (batsugēmu): "punishment game", as when one loses a bet and has to do something embarrassing
References
Noun
罰 (hiragana ばち, romaji bachi)
- (divine) punishment; a curse
Noun
罰 (hiragana ばつ, romaji batsu)
- a punishment; a penalty
Korean
Hanja
罰 • (beol) (hangeul 벌, revised beol, McCune-Reischauer pŏl, Yale pel)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
罰 (phạt, ảng, ang, ương)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Etymology
| Historical forms of the character 罰
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (罰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 罰 | *bad |
| 藅 | *bad |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : semantic 詈 (“abuse”) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).