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Definition 2025
純
純
See also: 纯
Translingual
Han character
純 (radical 120 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女火心山 (VFPU), four-corner 25917, composition ⿰糸屯)
References
- KangXi: page 917, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27277
- Dae Jaweon: page 1346, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3371, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7D14
Chinese
| trad. | 純 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 纯 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 純
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (屯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 躉 | *tuːnʔ |
| 窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
| 沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
| 頓 | *tuːns |
| 扽 | *tuːns |
| 黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
| 屯 | *duːn, *tun |
| 飩 | *duːn |
| 豘 | *duːn |
| 軘 | *duːn |
| 坉 | *duːn |
| 邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
| 忳 | *duːn |
| 芚 | *duːn |
| 庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 囤 | *duːnʔ |
| 迍 | *tun |
| 杶 | *tʰun |
| 瑃 | *tʰun |
| 椿 | *tʰun |
| 偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
| 肫 | *tjun |
| 訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
| 春 | *tʰjun |
| 蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 蒓 | *djun |
| 賰 | *hljunʔ |
| 鬊 | *hljuns |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: ch'un2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: seon4, zeon2, tyun4
- Yale: sèuhn, jéun, tyùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: soen4, dzoen2, tyn4
- IPA (key): /sɵn²¹/, /t͡ɕɵn³⁵/, /tʰyːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sùn
- Hakka Romanization System: sunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sun2
- IPA: /sun¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sûn
- Tâi-lô: sûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: suun
- IPA (Xiamen): /sun²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sun²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /sun¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /sun²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sun²³/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 純 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin |
/ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰuən⁴⁵/ |
|
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /p͡fʰẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan |
/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵³/ /ʂuŋ⁵³/ |
|
| Lanzhou | /p͡fʰə̃n⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕyn²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /suən³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /suen²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʂuə̃¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʂun²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʂuən⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao |
/t͡sʰuŋ¹³/ /suŋ¹³/ |
|
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰũŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /zən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡zen²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /zoŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕyʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /ɕyan⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕyn¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ɕyn¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sun⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sun¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /sun¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /søn²¹/ |
| Nanning | /syn²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /søn²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /sun³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /suŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /sœyŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /suŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /tun³¹/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 純 | 純 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 諄 (47) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 常倫切 | 之尹切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡ʑiuɪn/ | /t͡ɕiuɪnX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/d͡ʑʷin/ | /t͡ɕʷinX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/d͡ʑjuen/ | /t͡ɕjuenX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/d͡ʑwin/ | /cwinX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʑiuĕn/ | /t͡ɕiuĕnX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ʑĭuĕn/ | /t͡ɕĭuĕnX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʑi̯uĕn/ | /t͡ɕi̯uĕnX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chún | zhǔn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 純 | 純 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
chún | chún |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzywin › | ‹ dzywin › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[d]u[n]/ | /*[d]u[n]/ |
| English | pure, unmixed | silken |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 純 | 純 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 12570 | 12578 |
| Phonetic component |
屯 | 屯 |
| Rime group |
文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
準 | 純 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tjunʔ/ | /*djun/ |
Definitions
純
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
純
Readings
- Goon: じゅん (jun), しゅん (shun)
- Kan’on: しゅん (shun)
- On (unclassified): とん (ton)
- Kun: きいと (kiito), きよ (kiyo), すみ (sumi)
Compounds
Adjectival noun
純 (-na inflection, hiragana じゅん, romaji jun)
Inflection
Inflection of "純な"
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 純だろ | じゅんだろ | jun daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 純で | じゅんで | jun de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 純だ | じゅんだ | jun da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 純な | じゅんな | jun na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 純なら | じゅんなら | jun nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 純であれ | じゅんであれ | jun de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 純ではない 純じゃない |
じゅんではない じゅんじゃない |
jun de wa nai jun ja nai |
| Informal past | 純だった | じゅんだった | jun datta |
| Informal negative past | 純ではなかった 純じゃなかった |
じゅんではなかった じゅんじゃなかった |
jun de wa nakatta jun ja nakatta |
| Formal | 純です | じゅんです | jun desu |
| Formal negative | 純ではありません 純じゃありません |
じゅんではありません じゅんじゃありません |
jun de wa arimasen jun ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 純でした | じゅんでした | jun deshita |
| Formal negative past | 純ではありませんでした 純じゃありませんでした |
じゅんではありませんでした じゅんじゃありませんでした |
jun de wa arimasen deshita jun ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 純で | じゅんで | jun de |
| Conditional | 純なら(ば) | じゅんなら(ば) | jun nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 純だったら | じゅんだったら | jun dattara |
| Volitional | 純だろう | じゅんだろう | jun darō |
| Adverbial | 純に | じゅんに | jun ni |
| Degree | 純さ | じゅんさ | junsa |
Prefix
純 (hiragana じゅん, romaji jun-)
Proper noun
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 純 |
|
あつし Grade: 6 |
純 (hiragana あつし, romaji Atsushi)
- A male given name
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 純 |
|
じゅん Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi |
- A male given name



