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Definition 2024
瓦
瓦
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
瓦 (radical 98 瓦+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一女弓戈 (MVNI), four-corner 10717)
- Kangxi radical #98, ⽡ (“tile”).
References
- KangXi: page 747, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21438
- Dae Jaweon: page 1156, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1421, character 3
- Unihan data for U+74E6
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
瓦 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 瓦
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (瓦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 瓦 | *ŋʷraːlʔ, *ŋʷraːls |
| 邷 | *ŋʷraːlʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – fired earthenware pottery, or a tile.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaa5, ngaa6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngá
- Min Dong (BUC): nguâ / nguā
- Min Nan (POJ): hiā / huā / hiǎ / huǎ / óa / góa
- Wu (Wiktionary): ngo (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄚˇ
- Wade-Giles: wa3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woa
- IPA (key): /u̯a̠²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngaa5, ngaa6
- Yale: ngáh, ngah
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaa5, ngaa6
- IPA (key): /ŋɑː¹³/, /ŋɑː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngá
- Hakka Romanization System: nga`
- Hagfa Pinyim: nga3
- IPA: /ŋa³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nguâ / nguā
- IPA (key): /ŋuɑ²⁴²/, /ŋua³³/
- Note: nguâ - colloquial (“tile”); nguā - literary (“watt”).
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Sanxia, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiā
- Tâi-lô: hiā
- Phofsit Daibuun: hia
- IPA (Xiamen): /hia²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hia²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /hia³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hia³³/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: huā
- Tâi-lô: huā
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiǎ
- Tâi-lô: hiǎ
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hia²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: huǎ
- Tâi-lô: huǎ
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óa
- Tâi-lô: uá
- Phofsit Daibuun: oar
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ua⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ua⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ua⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ua⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: góa
- Tâi-lô: guá
- Phofsit Daibuun: goar
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gua⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /gua⁵³/
- Note: hiā, huā, hiǎ, huǎ - vernacular; óa, góa - literary.
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Sanxia, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ngo (T3)
- IPA (key): /ŋo²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 瓦 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ua²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin |
/ua²¹³/ /ua⁵³/ |
|
| Tianjin | /vɑ¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /va⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /va⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ua⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /ua⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /ua⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan |
/va⁵³/ ～房 /va¹³/ ～刀 |
|
| Lanzhou | /va⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /va⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ua⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /ua⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ua⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ua̠⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /uɑ²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /ua²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan |
/va⁵³/ 磚～ /va⁴⁵/ 泥～匠 |
| Pingyao |
/uɑ⁵³/ 名詞 /uɑ³⁵/ 動詞 |
|
| Hohhot | /va⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ŋo²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ŋo³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔuɑ⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ŋo³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian |
/ua³⁵/ /ŋa³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /ŋɔ²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ua⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /uɒ⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /uɑ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋa³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ŋɑ³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋa²³/ |
| Nanning | /ŋa²⁴/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ŋa¹³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/gua⁵³/ /hia²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ua³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ua⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/ua⁵³/ /hia³⁵/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /hia³³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 瓦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (99) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 五寡切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋˠuaX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋʷᵚaX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋuaX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋwaɨX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋuaX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋwaX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋwaX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wǎ |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 瓦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wǎ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngwæX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.ŋʷˤra[j]ʔ/ |
| English | roof tile |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 瓦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 12601 |
| Phonetic component |
瓦 |
| Rime group |
歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
瓦 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋʷraːlʔ/ |
Definitions
瓦
- earthenware; earthenware pottery
- tile (roof covering)
- (historical) back of shield (arching, as if it is covered by tile)
- (historical) amusement park; market
- (historical, dialectal) protecting plate of wheel
- (music) Alternative term for 土 (tǔ, “earth”).
- Ancient placename in modern Hua County, Henan.
- Short for 瓦特 (wǎtè, “watt”).
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 瓦
|
|
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄚˋ
- Wade-Giles: wa4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wah
- IPA (key): /u̯a̠⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 瓦 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (99) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 五化切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋˠuaH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋʷᵚaH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋuaH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋwaɨH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋuaH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋwaH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋwaH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wà |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 瓦 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 12603 |
| Phonetic component |
瓦 |
| Rime group |
歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
瓦 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋʷraːls/ |
Definitions
瓦
Compounds
|
Japanese
Kanji
瓦
Readings
Compounds
Noun
瓦 (hiragana かわら, romaji kawara)
瓦 (katakana グラム, romaji guramu)
- (dated) Symbol for gramme
Korean
Hanja
瓦 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune-Reischauer wa, Yale wa)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
瓦 (ngõa, ngói, ngoa)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.