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Definition 2025

复

复

See also: 復 and 複

Translingual

Han character

复 (radical 35 夊+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人日竹水 (OAHE), four-corner 80407, composition ⿳𠂉日夂)

  1. return
  2. restore
  3. reply

Derived characters

See also

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 复

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 复
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愎 *brɯɡ
鍑 *puɡs, *puɡ
覆 *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復 *buɡs, *buɡ
椱 *buɡs, *buɡ
複 *buɡs, *puɡ
馥 *brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹 *puɡ
輹 *puɡ, *buɡ
蝮 *pʰuɡ
蕧 *pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复 *buɡ
鰒 *buɡ
澓 *buɡ

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 复
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 房六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /buwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /biuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /bĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 复
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-p(r)uk/
English return

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 复
Reading # 1/1
No. 3554
Phonetic
component		 复
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 伏
Old
Chinese		 /*buɡ/

Verb

复

  1. (literary) to go back
  2. Original form and simplified form of 復.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 复 – see 複.
(This character, 复, is the simplified form of 複.)
Notes:

Korean

Hanja

复 • ‎(bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune-Reischauer pok, Yale pok)

same as 復
  1. return
  2. repeat
  3. repeatedly

Vietnamese

Han character

复 (hạ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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