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Definition 2024
命令
命令
Chinese
| life; fate | make or cause to be; order; command; decree; honorable
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simp. and trad. (命令) |
命 | 令 | |
Noun
命令
Derived terms
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Verb
命令
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 命 | 令 |
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めい Grade: 3 |
れい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | |
Noun
命令 (hiragana めいれい, romaji meirei)
- order, direction, instruction, commandment
- decree from a court
Verb
命令する (transitive, hiragana めいれいする, romaji meirei suru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "命令する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 命令し | めいれいし | meirei shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 命令し | めいれいし | meirei shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 命令する | めいれいする | meirei suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 命令する | めいれいする | meirei suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 命令すれ | めいれいすれ | meirei sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 命令せよ¹ 命令しろ² |
めいれいせよ¹ めいれいしろ² |
meirei seyo¹ meirei shiro² |
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| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 命令される | めいれいされる | meirei sareru | |
| Causative | 命令させる 命令さす |
めいれいさせる めいれいさす |
meirei saseru meirei sasu |
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| Potential | 命令できる | めいれいできる | meirei dekiru | |
| Volitional | 命令しよう | めいれいしよう | meirei shiyō | |
| Negative | 命令しない | めいれいしない | meirei shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 命令せず | めいれいせず | meirei sezu | |
| Formal | 命令します | めいれいします | meirei shimasu | |
| Perfective | 命令した | めいれいした | meirei shita | |
| Conjunctive | 命令して | めいれいして | meirei shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 命令すれば | めいれいすれば | meirei sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Related terms
- 指令 (shirei, “order, command”)
- 指図 (sashizu, “instruction”)
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, ISBN 4095102535.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ming6 ling6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): min-lin
- Min Nan (POJ): bēng-lēng
- Wu (Wiktionary): min lin (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minqlinq
- IPA (key): /miŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ming6 ling6
- Yale: mihng lihng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ming6 ling6
- IPA (key): /mɪŋ²² lɪŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: min-lin
- Hakka Romanization System: min lin
- Hagfa Pinyim: min4 lin4
- IPA: /min⁵⁵ lin⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bēng-lēng
- Tâi-lô: bīng-līng
- Phofsit Daibuun: bexngleng
- IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: min lin (T3)
- IPA (key): /mɪɲ²² lɪɲ⁴⁴/
- (Shanghainese)