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Definition 2024


laiva

laiva

See also: laivā

Finnish

Noun

laiva

  1. ship
  2. (architecture) nave

Declension

Inflection of laiva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative laiva laivat
genitive laivan laivojen
partitive laivaa laivoja
illative laivaan laivoihin
singular plural
nominative laiva laivat
accusative nom. laiva laivat
gen. laivan
genitive laivan laivojen
laivainrare
partitive laivaa laivoja
inessive laivassa laivoissa
elative laivasta laivoista
illative laivaan laivoihin
adessive laivalla laivoilla
ablative laivalta laivoilta
allative laivalle laivoille
essive laivana laivoina
translative laivaksi laivoiksi
instructive laivoin
abessive laivatta laivoitta
comitative laivoineen

Synonyms

Derived terms

Anagrams


Latvian

Buru laiva
Airu laiva

Etymology

Cognates include Lithuanian laĩvas, dialectal laĩvė, archaic laĩva. The relationship by borrowing to Proto-Finnic *laiva (Finnish laiva “ship; nave”, Estonian laev, Livonian lōja) is also undisputed, leaving the question of which family had the word first. It is now identified as a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *flawją (cf. Old Norse fley “boat,” “raft”) into Finnic and thence Baltic, showing the Finnic sound law *vj > jv established by Koivulehto (1970).[1] Earlier, a Baltic inherited origin had been sought. Karulis took the word to be perhaps originally used by Curonian fishermen and later spread to all the Eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, and offered the internal etymology Proto-Baltic *leiw-, *laiw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ley- with an extra -w, from *el-ey, from *Heh₃l- (to bend, to turn); this theory would make the original meaning “bent, concave (object).”[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [lāīva]

Noun

laiva f (4th declension)

  1. boat (small vehicle for transporting people, goods, etc. on water)
    buru laiva ― sailboat
    airu laiva ― rowboat
    zvejas laiva ― fishing boat
    glābšanas laiva ― rescue boat, lifeboat
    sacīkšu laiva ― racing boat
    laivu stacijaboathouse
    braukt ar laivu ― to go by boat, to ride a boat
    vizināties, braukt ar laivu pa ezeru ― to go for a boat ride on the lake
    nolicis airi, noliecos pār laivas malu un sāku raut ūdens augus ― letting go of the oar, he leaned over the boat edge and began to pluck the aquatic plants

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. Koivulehto (1970), Suomen laiva-sanasta
  2. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), laiva”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *laiva, from Proto-Germanic *flawją. Cognates include Estonian laev.

Noun

laiva (genitive laivaa, partitive [please provide])

  1. ship, boat

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

References

  • "laiva" in Vadja keele sõnaraamat