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Definition 2024
encombrer
encombrer
French
Verb
encombrer
- (transitive) to block off, to clutter, to clutter up, to congest
- (transitive) to encumber, to burden
- (transitive) to jam (e.g. a switchboard)
Conjugation
Conjugation of encombrer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | encombrer | avoir encombré | |||||
| gerund | en encombrant | en ayant encombré | |||||
| present participle | encombrant /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɑ̃/ |
||||||
| past participle | encombré /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/ |
||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | encombre /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombres /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombre /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombrons /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/ |
encombrez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/ |
encombrent /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
| imperfect | encombrais /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
encombrais /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
encombrait /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
encombrions /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/ |
encombriez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/ |
encombraient /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | encombrai /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/ |
encombras /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/ |
encombra /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/ |
encombrâmes /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁam/ |
encombrâtes /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁat/ |
encombrèrent /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɛʁ/ |
|
| future | encombrerai /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/ |
encombreras /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/ |
encombrera /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁa/ |
encombrerons /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
encombrerez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁe/ |
encombreront /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | encombrerais /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/ |
encombrerais /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/ |
encombrerait /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/ |
encombrerions /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
encombreriez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁje/ |
encombreraient /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁə.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | encombre /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombres /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombre /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
encombrions /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.jɔ̃/ |
encombriez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁi.je/ |
encombrent /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
| imperfect1 |
encombrasse /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/ |
encombrasses /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/ |
encombrât /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa/ |
encombrassions /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
encombrassiez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁa.sje/ |
encombrassent /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | encombre /ɑ̃.kɔ̃bʁ/ |
— | encombrons /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/ |
encombrez /ɑ̃.kɔ̃.bʁe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Old French
Alternative forms
- ancumbrer
- encumbrer
Etymology
From combre, of Gaulish origin.
Verb
encombrer
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of encombrer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | encombrer | avoir encombré | |||||
| gerund | en encombrant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | encombrant | ||||||
| past participle | encombré | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | encombre | encombres | encombre | encombrons | encombrez | encombrent |
| imperfect | encombroie, encombreie, encombroe, encombreve | encombroies, encombreies, encombroes, encombreves | encombroit, encombreit, encombrot, encombreve | encombriiens, encombriens | encombriiez, encombriez | encombroient, encombreient, encombroent, encombrevent | |
| preterite | encombrai | encombras | encombra | encombrames | encombrastes | encombrerent | |
| future | encombrerai | encombreras | encombrera | encombrerons | encombreroiz, encombrereiz, encombrerez | encombreront | |
| conditional | encombreroie, encombrereie | encombreroies, encombrereies | encombreroit, encombrereit | encombreriiens, encombreriens | encombreriiez, encombreriez | encombreroient, encombrereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | encombre | encombres | encombre | encombrons | encombrez | encombrent |
| imperfect | encombrasse | encombrasses | encombrast | encombrissons, encombrissiens | encombrissoiz, encombrissez, encombrissiez | encombrassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | encombre | — | encombrons | encombrez | — | ||
Descendants
References
- “encombrer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
- (fr) Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (encombrer)