Middle Persian

Alternative forms

• [Avestan needed] ‎(daryōš) (Pazend)

Adjective

dlgwš • ‎(driyōš) ‎(comparative dlgwštl, superlative dlgwštwm)

1. poor, needy
   • Mēnōg ī Xrad, chap. 57.22, cited in

     PWB hlt' dlgwštl‎

     pad xrad driyōštar

     poorer in wisdom

Derived terms

• dlgwšyh ‎(driyōšīh, “poverty”)

Noun

dlgwš • ‎(driyōš)

1. one who lives in holy indigence

Descendants

• Persian: درغوش ‎(darğuš, darğôš), دریوش ‎(daryuš, daryôš), درغویش ‎(darğêš) (dialectal), درویش ‎(darviš, darvêš)
  • Tajik: дарвеш ‎(darveš)
  • → Arabic: دَرْوِيش ‎(darwīš)
  • → Armenian: տէրվիշ ‎(tērviš), տէվրիշ ‎(tēvriš), դա̈վրէշ ‎(dävrēš), դա̈րվէշ ‎(därvēš), դա̈րվիշ ‎(därviš), դէրվիշ ‎(dērviš), դօ̈վրիշ ‎(dō̈vriš) (in some dialects via Ottoman Turkish)
  • → Azeri: dərviş
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: दरवेश ‎(darveś)

    Urdu: درویش ‎(darveś)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: درویش ‎(derviş)
    • Turkish: derviş
    • → English: dervish
    • → French: derviche
    • → Greek: δερβίσης ‎(dervísis)
    • → Hungarian: dervis
    • → Russian: де́рвиш ‎(dérviš)
    • → Serbo-Croatian: dèrvīš / дѐрвӣш
    • → Slovak: derviš

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “driyōš”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 27
• Mansour Shaki, Hamid Algar (December 15, 1994), "DARVĪŠ" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, last updated November 18, 2011
• Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909), “poor”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary, Bombay: The Fort Printing Press
• Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909), “needy”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary, Bombay: The Fort Printing Press