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Definition 2024

(Christianity) The aspect (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either from (Eastern Orthodoxy) God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.
- 1731, Alexander Campbell (editor), The Millennial Harbinger, volume 2, “Dialogue on the Holy Spirit”, page 553:
  The Holy Spirit is now the Spirit of Christ as it was once known by the title of the Spirit of God.
(Judaism) The spirit of God, especially the gifts of wisdom and prophecy.

This expression has superseded the term Holy Ghost in many Christian denominations and Bible translations.

Christian: aspect of the Holy Trinity

Jewish: attribute of God

(Christian: aspect of the Holy Trinity): God, God the Father; Jesus Christ, God the Son

Christian: aspect of the Holy Trinity

Albanian: Shpirti i Shenjtë m
Arabic: الرُّوح الْقُدْس m ‎(ar-rūḥ al-quds)
Armenian: Սուրբ Հոգի ‎(Surb Hogi)
Asturian: Espíritu Santu m
Basque: Espiritu Santua
Bulgarian: Свети Дух m ‎(Sveti Dukh)
Catalan: Esperit Sant m
Chinese:

Cantonese: 聖靈, 圣灵 ‎(sing³ ling⁴), 聖神, 圣神 ‎(sing³ san⁴) (Catholic)

Hakka: 聖靈, 圣灵 ‎(Sṳn-Lìn), 聖神, 圣神 ‎(Sṳn-Sṳ̀n)

Mandarin: 聖靈 (zh), 圣灵 (zh) ‎(Shènglíng), 聖神 (zh), 圣神 (zh) ‎(Shèngshén) (Catholic)

Min Nan: 聖神, 圣神 ‎(Sèng-sîn), 聖靈, 圣灵 ‎(Sèng-lêng)
Czech: Duch Svatý
Danish: Helligånden c (definite form)
Dutch: Heilige Geest (nl) m
Estonian: Püha Vaim
Finnish: Pyhä Henki (fi)
French: Esprit-Saint (fr) m, Saint-Esprit (fr) m
Friulian: Spirtussant m
Galician: Espírito Santo m
Georgian: სულიწმინდა ‎(sulic̣minda)
German: Heiliger Geist (de) m
Greek: Άγιο Πνεύμα (el) n ‎(Ágio Pnévma)
Ancient: Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον n ‎(Pneûma tò Hágion)
Haitian Creole: Sentespri
Hebrew: רוח הקדש ‎(Ruakh Kadosh)
Hindi: पवित्र आत्मा ‎(pavitr ātmā)
Hungarian: Szentlélek (hu)
Indonesian: Roh Kudus
Irish: An Spiorad Naomh m, An Naomhspiorad m
Italian: Spirito Santo m
Japanese: 聖霊 ‎(せいれい, Seirei)

Norman: Saint-Esprit m
Korean: 성령 ‎(seonglyeong) (聖靈)
Latin: spīritus sānctus
Luxembourgish: Hellege Geescht (lb) m
Macedonian: Свет Дух f ‎(Svet Duh)
Malay: Roh Kudus
Maltese: Spirtu Santu, Ruħ il-Qodos
Manx: Yn Spyrryd Noo m
Mongolian: Ариун Сүнс ‎(Ariun Süns)
Navajo: Níłchʼi Diyinii
Norwegian:

Bokmål: Den Hellige Ånd (no) m

Nynorsk: Den Heilage Ande m, Heilaganden m
Persian: روح القدس (fa)
Polish: Duch Święty (pl)
Portuguese: Espírito Santo (pt) m
Romanian: Duhul Sfânt m
Russian: Свято́й Дух m ‎(Svjatój Dux)
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: Свети Дух m, Дух Свети m

Roman: Sveti Duh m, Duh Sveti m
Slovak: Duch Svätý m
Slovene: Sveti Duh m
Spanish: Espíritu Santo m
Swahili: Roho Mtakatifu
Thai: พระวิญญาณบริสุทธิ์ ‎(prá win-yaan bor-rí-sùt)
Ukrainian: Святий Дух m ‎(Svyatiy Dukh)
Urdu: روح القدس
Vietnamese: Thánh Thần
Welsh: Ysbryd Glân m

A translation of Arabic اَلرُّوح الْقُدْس ‎(ar-rūḥ al-quds, “Holy Spirit”), a calque of the Ancient Greek and Hebrew senses above.