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Definition 2024

좁다

좁다

Korean

Adjective

좁다 • ‎(jopda) ‎(infinitive 좁아, sequential 좁으니)

(to be) narrow

Conjugation

Unlike most adjectives whose stems end in ㅂ (b), 좁다 (jopda) does not undergo the stem change ㅂ->우 before a vowel.

Selected forms of the adjective 좁다 (jopda)

Stems
Stem 1	좁 (jop)
Stem 2	좁아 (joba)
Stem 3	좁으 (jobeu)
Conjugation type	Consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
	Formal non polite (해라체)	Informal non polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	좁다 jopda past: 좁았다 jobatda	좁아 joba past: 좁았어 jobasseo	좁아요 jobayo past: 좁았어요 jobasseoyo	좁습니다 jopseumnida past: 좁았습니다 jobatseumnida
Interrogative	좁으냐 jobeunya past: 좁았냐 jobannya	좁아 joba past: 좁았어 jobasseo	좁아요 jobayo past: 좁았어요 jobasseoyo	좁습니까 jopseumnikka past: 좁았습니까 jobatseumnikka
Assertive	좁겠다 jopgetda	좁겠어 jopgesseo	좁겠어요 jopgesseoyo	좁겠습니다 jopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason	좁아 joba	좁아서 jobaseo	좁으니 jobeuni	좁으니까 jobeunikka
Contrast	좁지만 jopjiman	좁은데 jobeunde	좁더니 jopdeoni
Conjunction	좁고 jopgo
Condition	좁으면 jobeumyeon	좁아야 jobaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		좁음 jobeum	좁기 jopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		좁았음 jobasseum	좁았기 jobatgi
Determiners	present		좁은 jobeun
Determiners	future		좁을 jobeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
	Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	좁으시다 jobeusida past: 좁으셨다 jobeusyeotda	좁으셔 jobeusyeo past: 좁으셨어 jobeusyeosseo	좁으세요, 좁으셔요 jobeuseyo, jobeusyeoyo past: 좁으셨어요 jobeusyeosseoyo	좁으십니다 jobeusimnida past: 좁으셨습니다 jobeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	좁으시냐 jobeusinya past: 좁으셨냐 jobeusyeonnya	좁으셔 jobeusyeo past: 좁으셨어 jobeusyeosseo	좁으세요, 좁으셔요 jobeuseyo, jobeusyeoyo past: 좁으셨어요 jobeusyeosseoyo	좁으십니까 jobeusimnikka past: 좁으셨습니까 jobeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive	좁으시겠다 jobeusigetda	좁으시겠어 jobeusigesseo	좁으시겠어요 jobeusigesseoyo	좁으시겠습니다 jobeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason	좁으셔 jobeusyeo	좁으셔서 jobeusyeoseo	좁으시니 jobeusini	좁으시니까 jobeusinikka
Contrast	좁으시지만 jobeusijiman	좁으신데 jobeusinde	좁으시더니 jobeusideoni
Conjunction	좁으시고 jobeusigo
Condition	좁으시면 jobeusimyeon	좁으셔야 jobeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		좁으심 jobeusim	좁으시기 jobeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		좁으셨음 jobeusyeosseum	좁으셨기 jobeusyeotgi
Determiners	present		좁으신 jobeusin
Determiners	future		좁으실 jobeusil