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Definition 2024
癌
癌
Translingual
Han character
癌 (radical 104 疒+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 大口口山 (KRRU), four-corner 00172, composition ⿸疒嵒)
References
- KangXi: not present, would follow page 781, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22538
- Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2697, character 4
- Unihan data for U+764C
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
癌 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 嵒 (OC *ŋrɯːm, *ŋjab); 嵒 is a variant of 岩.
Etymology
From 岩 (yán, “cliff; rock, stone”), since cancers often present as lumps or outgrowths on the body.
In Mandarin, this character used to be pronounced identically as 岩 (yán). Its pronunciation was changed to ái in the 1960s to avoid the homophony between 癌 (“cancer”) and 炎 (yán, “inflammation”) (compare 肺炎 (fèiyán, “pneumonia”) and 肺癌 (fèi'ái, “lung cancer”)). The new pronunciation of ái stems from dialectal pronunciations of 岩 (“rock; cliff”) /ŋai/, influenced by 崖 (yá, yái, “cliff”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaam4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngàm
- Min Dong (BUC): ngàng
- Min Nan (POJ): gâm
- Wu (Wiktionary): nge (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
- Wade-Giles: ai2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
- IPA (key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
- Wade-Giles: yen2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
- IPA (key): /i̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngaam4
- Yale: ngàahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaam4
- IPA (key): /ŋɑːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngàm
- Hakka Romanization System: ngamˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngam2
- IPA: /ŋam¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngàng
- IPA (key): /ŋaŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâm
- Tâi-lô: gâm
- Phofsit Daibuun: gaam
- IPA (Xiamen): /gam²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gam²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /gam¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /gam²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /gam²³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: nge (T3)
- IPA (key): /ŋᴇ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
Definitions
癌
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
癌
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 癌 |
|
がん Hyōgaiji |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 癌.
Pronunciation
Noun
- (medicine, oncology, pathology) cancer
- 彼の祖母は癌で死んだ。
- Kare no sobo wa gan de shinda.
- His grandmother died of cancer.
- 彼の祖母は癌で死んだ。
- (figuratively: a baneful but ineradicable evil): cancer
- 中央集権体制は社会の癌になっている。
- Chūōshūken taisei wa shakai no gan ni natteiru.
- The centralized administrative system has become a cancer of the society.
- 中央集権体制は社会の癌になっている。
References
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
癌 • (am) (hangeul 암, revised am, McCune-Reischauer am, Yale am)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
癌 (nham)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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