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Definition 2024

潮

潮

Translingual

Han character

潮 (radical 85 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水十十月 (EJJB), four-corner 37120, composition ⿰氵朝)

References

  • KangXi: page 650, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18277
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1060, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1737, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6F6E

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 潮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嘲 *ʔr'eːw
廟 *mrews
朝 *ʔr'ew, *r'ew
潮 *r'ew

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *r'ew) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 朝 ‎(OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew).

Etymology

"Rising tide in the daytime" > "tide" (in general).

Derived from 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew, “morning”). Compare 汐 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening tide; ebb”) < 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 直遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖiaw/
Li
Rong		 /ȡjɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cháo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cháo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[N]-t<r>aw/
English morning tide

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
No. 1308
Phonetic
component		 朝
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 𪓙
Old
Chinese		 /*r'ew/

Definitions

潮

  1. †rising tide
  2. tide
    Synonyms: 潮汐 (cháoxī)
    潮起潮落  ―  cháoqǐcháoluò  ―  ebb and flow
  3. (figuratively) wave
    思潮  ―  sīcháo  ―  zeitgeist
  4. damp; moist
  5. Short for 潮州 (Cháozhōu, “Chaozhou”).
    潮音  ―  cháoyīn  ―  Teochew pronunciation
  6. trendy; popular
    ⇒ 潮流
    潮語 / 潮语 [Cantonese]  ―  ciu4 jyu5 [Jyutping]  ―  trendy words; new slang

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

潮

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

/siho/: *[sipo] > [siɸo] > [ɕiɸo] > [ɕiwo] > [ɕio]. Cognate with 潮 ‎(ushio).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɕio/

Noun

潮 ‎(hiragana しお, romaji shio, historical hiragana しほ)

  1. the rising of oceans due to tidal forces from the moon and sun; the tide
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4045)
      於伎敝欲里 美知久流之保能 伊也麻之尓 安我毛布支見我 弥不根可母加礼

Etymology 2

/usiho/: *[usipo] > [usiɸo] > [uɕiɸo] > [uɕiwo] > [uɕio]. Cognate with 潮 ‎(shio).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /uɕio/

Noun

潮 ‎(hiragana うしお, romaji ushio, historical hiragana うしほ)

  1. the rising of oceans due to tidal forces from the moon and sun; the tide

References

  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-240004-4, published 2003.

Korean

Hanja

潮 • ‎(jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune-Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

潮 (triều, trào, xèo, rều)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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