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Definition 2024
上二段活用
上二段活用
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 上 | 二 | 段 | 活 | 用 |
|
かみ Grade: 1 |
に Grade: 1 |
だん Grade: 6 |
かつ Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 2 |
| yutōyomi | ||||
Noun
上二段活用 (hiragana かみにだんかつよう, romaji kami nidan katsuyō, historical hiragana かみにだんくわつよう)
- (grammar) upper dual grade conjugation; a verbal conjugation class which has the following inflections: i/i/u/uru/ure/i[yo]. Dual refers to the two columns (i and u) of the syllabary table that the conjugation occurs in. Dual grade conjugation occurs in literary Japanese, while the same verbs conjugate as Kami-Ichidan (e.g. 落つ-> 落ちる) in colloquial Japanese.
Examples:
| Irrealis | Adverbial | Conclusive | Attributive | Realis | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ok- "to rise" | ok-i | ok-i | ok-u | ok-uru | ok-ure | ok-i[yo] |
| sug- "to spend" | sug-i | sug-i | sug-u | sug-uru | sug-ure | sug-i[yo] |
| ik- "to live" | ik-i | ik-i | ik-u | ik-uru | ik-ure | ik-i[yo] |
See also
- 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō)
Related terms
- 五段活用 (godan katsuyō)
- カ行変格活用 (kagyō henkaku katsuyō)
- 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō)
- ナ行変格活用 (nagyō henkaku katsuyō)
- ラ行変格活用 (ragyō henkaku katsuyō)
- サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō)
- 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō)
- 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō)
- 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō)