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Definition 2024


ցամաք

ցամաք

Armenian

Alternative forms

Adjective

ցամաք (cʿamakʿ) (superlative ամենացամաք)

  1. dry
  2. (figuratively) lifeless

Declension

Noun

ցամաք (cʿamakʿ)

  1. earth, dry land (as opposed to water)
    ցամաքով գնալcʿamakʿov gnal ― to go by land

Declension

Related terms

  • ցամաքային (cʿamakʿayin)

References

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), ցամաք”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, page 448

Old Armenian

Etymology

According to Martirosyan, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm (earth) via Pre-Armenian *dʰǵʰm̥m-eh₂-k-eh₂-.

Martirosyan does not accept the proposals which link the word with Sanskrit क्षाम (kṣāmá, scorched, singed), because they usually reconstruct initial Proto-Indo-European *ks-, which in Armenian probably yields չ- (čʿ-) (compare չոր (čʿor)).

Ačaṙyan rejects the Indo-European origin of the word altogether and considers ցամաք (cʿamakʿ) a Semitic borrowing, comparing Hebrew צמק (ṣmq, to dry, shrivel), Arabic صامق (ṣāmiq, thirsty; hungry), but this is considered less probable by Martirosyan.

Adjective

ցամաք (cʿamakʿ)

  1. dry, arid
    ցամաք կղզիcʿamakʿ kłzi ― peninsula
    ցամաք երկիրcʿamakʿ erkir ― dry land
    հաց ցամաքhacʿ cʿamakʿ ― dry bread
    ցամաք փայտcʿamakʿ pʿayt ― dry wood
    ցամաք աչօքcʿamakʿ ačʿōkʿ ― with tearless or dry eyes

Declension

Noun

ցամաք (cʿamakʿ)

  1. dryness
    զցամաք ծարաւոյն շիջուցանելzcʿamakʿ carawoyn šiǰucʿanel ― to quench or allay thirst
  2. earth, dry land (as opposed to water)
    յածիլ ընդ ծով եւ ընդ ցամաքyacil ənd cov ew ənd cʿamakʿ ― to scour sea and land
    անցանել ընդ ցամաքancʿanel ənd cʿamakʿ ― to pass dry-footed, dry-shod
    ելանել/իջանել ի ցամաքelanel/iǰanel i cʿamakʿ ― to land, to go ashore or on shore
    հասանել ի ցամաքhasanel i cʿamakʿ ― to reach the shore
    ցամաք երթալ, անցանելcʿamakʿ ertʿal, ancʿanel ― to travel by land

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), ցամաք”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), ցամաք”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 499
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), ցամաք”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, page 448
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959), “k̂sā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 624
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 71
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), ցամաք”, in Sargsyan, Vahan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, ISBN 978-9939-50-121-5, page 741ab
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “c‘amak‘”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 621–623