Armenian

ծառ

Noun

ծառ • ‎(caṙ)

1. tree

Declension

Old Armenian

Etymology

Disputed.

Pedersen connects with Ancient Greek γάρρα ‎(gárrha, “rod, wand”), γάρσανα ‎(gársana, “brushwood”), γέρρον ‎(gérrhon, “wattle-fence”) and Old Norse kjarr ‎(“copsewood, brush-wood, thicket”). This is accepted by Walde, Pokorny and Ačaṙean, who reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥so- for Armenian, the zero-grade of the root *ǵers- ‎(“to twist; to plait things from flexible twigs”).

On the other hand, according to Diakonoff we are dealing with a word of Hurro-Urartian substrate origin: compare Urartian [script needed] ‎(ṣârə, “orchard”), Hurrian [script needed] ‎(sar-me, “wood”).

Noun

ծառ • ‎(caṙ)

1. tree

   մատաղատունկ ծառ‎ ― matałatunk caṙ ― sapling

   հինաւուրց, զառամ ծառ‎ ― hinawurcʿ, zaṙam caṙ ― old tree

   պտղատու ծառ‎ ― ptłatu caṙ ― fruit tree

   թզուկ ծառ‎ ― tʿzuk caṙ ― dwarf tree

   ծառ արուեստի‎ ― caṙ aruesti ― the ten Aristotelian categories

   ելանել ի ծառ‎ ― elanel i caṙ ― to climb trees; to mount a tree

   ծառ յօտել, յապաւել զծառս‎ ― caṙ yōtel, yapawel zcaṙs ― to prune; to lop

   պատուաստել զծառս‎ ― patuastel zcaṙs ― to graft

   ծաղկին ծառք‎ ― całkin caṙkʿ ― the trees flourish

   փթթին ծառք ծաղկօք, ծաղկազարդին ծառք‎ ― pʿtʿtʿin caṙkʿ całkōkʿ, całkazardin caṙkʿ ― the fruits are in full bloom or blossom

   ծառ կացուցանել զհերս‎ ― caṙ kacʿucʿanel zhers ― to cause the hair to stand on end

   իւրում ծառոց ի վերայ ելանել‎ ― iwrum caṙocʿ i veray elanel ― to do according to one's will or pleasure, to follow one's own bent

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Armenian: ծառ ‎(caṙ)
• Georgian: წარავი ‎(c̣aravi), წარაფი ‎(c̣arapi)

References

• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “ծառ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, pages 446–447
• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ծառ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985), “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume 105, issue 4, pages 597–603
• Pedersen, Holger (1905), “Zur armenischen Sprachgeschichte”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 38, issue 2, page 194
• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ծառ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 392
• Walde, Alois (1930), Pokorny, Julius, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume I, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 609