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Definition 2024


под-

под-

See also: под

Russian

Prefix

под- (pod-) (подо- (podo-) is used before certain consonant clusters)

  1. (used with verbs) upwards (describing an action of moving from the bottom up)
  2. (used with verbs) closer (describing an action of approaching to an entity)
    • идти́idtí(impf.) to go (by walking)
    • подойти́podojtí(pf.) to walk up to, to approach (by walking)
  3. (used with verbs) adding (describing an action of adding more entity)
    • бавитьbavitʹ ― an archaic causative form of быть that depends on verbal prefixes in contemporary usage
    • подба́витьpodbávitʹ(pf.) to add, replenish
  4. (used with verbs) (describing a meaning that shows a finished action or an obtainment of a result)
  5. (used with verbs) (describing an action of copying or following someone's action)
  6. (used with verbs) (describing an existence of the certain action that is weak, invisible, hidden or incomplete)
    • уста́тьustátʹ(pf.) to get tired
    • подуста́тьpodustátʹ(pf.) to get tired slightly or lightly
    • слатьslatʹ(pf.) to send, dispatch
    • подосла́тьpodoslátʹ(pf.) to send something (secretly)

Prefix

под- (pod-) (подо- (podo-) is used before certain consonant clusters)

  1. (used with nouns) (resulting in nouns or adjectives; describing an existence of being under or beneath something)
  2. (used with nouns) sub
  3. (used with nouns) (resulting in nouns or adjectives; describing an influence under something)
  4. (used with nouns) (resulting in nouns or adjectives; describing an existence of being around something)
    • Карпа́тыKarpátyCarpathians (mountains)
    • Подкарпа́тскийPodkarpátskij ― Subcarpathian (cf. Подкарпатье / Subcarpathia)
  5. (used with nouns) (resulting in nouns; describing an title or position below the superior)
  6. (used with adjectives) (adverbs; describing completeness)
    • чи́стыйčístyj ― clean
    • подчисту́юpodčistúju ― without remainder

Usage notes

  • In the meaning of closer, only use под- when the subject is in the sight range of the object of interest, and then moves even closer towards it.

Antonyms