Ancient Greek

Verb

δεῖ • ‎(deî)

1. (with personal accusative and infinitive) it behoves one to, it is necessary to, one must
   • Homer, Iliad 9.337
   • Pindar, Olympian Ode 6.48
   • Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 235
   • Sophocles, Ajax 556
   • Euripides, Hippolytus
   • Xenophon, Anabasis 3.4.35
   • Xenophon, Oeconomicus 7.20
   • Herodotus, 1 8
   • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 570
   1. (with impersonal accusative and infinitive)
      • Thucydides, 5 26
      • Herodotus, Histories 2.161
      • Sophocles, Oedipus the King 825
   2. (when used in absolute an infinitive may be supplied)
      • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1442
      • Philetaerus Comicus, Ἀταλ. 1
2. (with impersonal genitive) there is need of, there is wanting
   • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 870
   • Aeschylus, The Suppliants 407
   1. (with a personal dative)
      • Aeschylus, Agamemnon 848
      • Euripides, Medea 565
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.71
   2. (with personal accusative)
      • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 86
      • Euripides, Rhesus 837
   3. (nominative, rare)
      • Euripides, The Suppliants 594
      • Antiphon of Rhamnus, Collected Works 142.43
3. (neuter participle, absolute use) it being needful, fitting
   • Plato, Protagoras 355.D
   • Demosthenes, Against Midias 90
   • Aristophanes, The Clouds 989
   • Herodotus, 3 65
   • Plutarch, Fabius Maximus 9
   • Polybius, The Histories 2.37.5

Inflection

• Present indicative: δεῖ ‎(deî)
• Present subjunctive: δέῃ ‎(déēi), δῇ ‎(dêi)
• Present optative: δέοι ‎(déoi)
• Present infinitive: δεῖν ‎(deîn)
• Present participle: δέον ‎(déon), δεῖν ‎(deîn)
• Imperfect: ἔδει ‎(édei), ἔδεε ‎(édee) (Ionic)
• Future: δεήσει ‎(deḗsei)
• Aorist: ἐδέησε ‎(edéēse)

References

• δεῖ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• δεῖ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• δεῖ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• «δεῖ» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• «δεῖ» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• «δεῖ» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
• δεῖ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• “G1163”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • attach idem, page 49.
  • bandage idem, page 60.
  • be idem, page 66.
  • bind idem, page 79.
  • chain idem, page 122.
  • cord idem, page 174.
  • fasten idem, page 308.
  • imprison idem, page 424.
  • incumbent idem, page 431.
  • lash idem, page 477.
  • necessary idem, page 553.
  • need idem, page 554.
  • room idem, page 721.
  • strap idem, page 823.
  • tether idem, page 864.
  • tie idem, page 874.