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Definition 2024


See also: and

Translingual

Han character

(radical 40 +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十口竹口 (JRHR), four-corner 30606, composition)

Related characters

References

  • KangXi: page 285, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7156
  • Dae Jaweon: page 564, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: not present, would follow volume 2, page 936, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5BAE

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意) :  + : many rooms under a roof (a palace).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuŋ²¹/
Jinan /kuŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /kəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kuŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /kuŋ²¹/
Xining /kuə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kũn³¹/
Ürümqi /kuŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /koŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /koŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /koŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /koŋ/
Nanjing /koŋ³¹/
Hefei /kəŋ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /kuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /kũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /koŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /koŋ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /koŋ³³/
Wenzhou /koŋ³³/
/t͡ɕoŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /kuʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /kan¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /koŋ³³/
Xiangtan /kən³³/
Gan Nanchang /kuŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kiuŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kioŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /koŋ⁵³/
Nanning /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kuŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kiɔŋ⁵⁵/
/kiŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /keŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /koŋ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuwŋ/
Li
Rong
/kiuŋ/
Wang
Li
/kĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiōng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gōng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjuwng ›
Old
Chinese
/*k(r)uŋ/
English dwelling; palace; note of scale

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4147
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kuŋ/

Definitions

  1. palace
  2. temple
  3. womb; uterus
    /    gōng   uterus, womb
    /    gōngjǐng   cervix
  4. (music) First note in the Chinese pentatonic scale.
  5. castration (one of the imperial five punishments (五刑) of feudal China)
  6. A surname.

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. a shrine; a palace

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
みや
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/mi1ya//miya/

From Old Japanese. A compound of or (mi, spiritual honorific) + (ya, house).[1][2][3][4]

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana みや, romaji miya)

  1. (Shintō) the place where a god resides: a shrine
    • 16031604, Nippo Jisho (page 413)[6]
      Miya. ミヤ (宮) 神 (Camis)の社.
  2. (Buddhism) a temple holding a Buddhist statue
  3. the place where a ruler resides: a palace
    • 16031604, Nippo Jisho (page 413)[6]
      Miya. ミヤ (宮) 国王の子. また, 国王の宮殿
  4. a member of the imperial family
    • 16031604, Nippo Jisho (page 413)[6]
      Miya. ミヤ (宮) 国王の子. また, 国王の宮殿

Proper noun

(hiragana みや, romaji Miya)

  1. A surname.
  2. an old name for a region in the Atsuta area of Nagoya, Aichi prefecture, where the Atsuta Shrine is located

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
きゅう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (kjuwng, dwelling; palace; note on a scale). Compare modern Min Nan reading kiong.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana きゅう, romaji kyū)

  1. a palace
  2. (traditional music of China and Japan) the keynote or tonic of a musical scale, such as do in the do re mi scale notation of solfège
  3. Contraction of 宮刑: literally “palace punishment”, this consisted of castration for men and sequestration in the palace for women
  4. (astronomy, astrology) a zodiac sign or house, defined as one-twelfth of the circle of the ecliptic
    黄道十二 (おうどうじゅうに) (きゅう)宝瓶 (ほうへい) (きゅう)
    ōdō jūni kyū, hōhei kyū
    the twelve signs of the zodiac, the house of Aquarius

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, ISBN 4-09-501211-0
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0
  5. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  6. 1 2 3 Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-080021-1, published 1980.

Korean

Hanja

(gung) (hangeul , revised gung, McCune-Reischauer kung)

  1. ( 궁): house
  2. (대궐 궁): palace

Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

(cung)

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