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Definition 2024

yumruk

yumruk

Turkish

Noun

yumruk ‎(definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar)

  1. fist

Declension

Related terms

References

  1. ↑ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jɨdruk / *judruk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  2. ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2015-05-07), “yumruk”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  3. ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 892

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish يومرق ‎(yumruk, “fist”). Further origin unclear. Either a derivation from Proto-Turkic *jum- ‎(“round”)[1] (see yumak, yumru) or from Proto-Turkic *judruk ‎(“fist”) with secondary contamination with the former.[2] Clauson thinks it is rather derived from *jumur-, unrecorded causative of Proto-Turkic *jum- ‎(“to close”), in the sense of "something clenched",[3] see yum- ‎(“to close, clench”).

Cognate to Azeri yumruq ‎(“fist”), Chagatai [script needed] ‎(yumruq, “fist”), Turkmen ýumruk ‎(“fist”). Compare also Old Uighur [script needed] ‎(yıdruk, “fist”), Karakhanid [script needed] ‎(yuδruk, “fist”), Bashkir йоҙроҡ ‎(yoðroq, “fist”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /jumɾuk/

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