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Definition 2024
traire
traire
See also: trairé
French
Verb
traire
- (transitive) to milk (a cow, etc)
Conjugation
This verb traditionally has no past historic or imperfect subjunctive. They would be formed on a -tray- root: *je trayis, *que nous trayissions etc. Forms using the ‘a’ endings of verbs in -er are now used when there is an unavoidable need to use these forms. The root -trais- was used instead of -tray- in the 18th century, and remains in Swiss and Savoy dialects.
Conjugation of traire (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | traire | avoir trait | |||||
| gerund | en trayant | en ayant trait | |||||
| present participle | trayant /tʁɛ.jɑ̃/ |
||||||
| past participle | trait /tʁɛ/ |
||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | trais /tʁɛ/ |
trais /tʁɛ/ |
trait /tʁɛ/ |
trayons /tʁɛ.jɔ̃/ |
trayez /tʁɛ.je/ |
traient /tʁɛ/ |
| imperfect | trayais /tʁɛ.jɛ/ |
trayais /tʁɛ.jɛ/ |
trayait /tʁɛ.jɛ/ |
trayions /tʁɛj.jɔ̃/ |
trayiez /tʁɛj.je/ |
trayaient /tʁɛ.jɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | trayai /tʁɛ.je/ |
trayas /tʁɛ.ja/ |
traya /tʁɛ.ja/ |
trayâmes /tʁɛ.jam/ |
trayâtes /tʁɛ.jat/ |
trayèrent /tʁɛ.jɛʁ/ |
|
| future | trairai /tʁɛ.ʁe/ |
trairas /tʁɛ.ʁa/ |
traira /tʁɛ.ʁa/ |
trairons /tʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
trairez /tʁɛ.ʁe/ |
trairont /tʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | trairais /tʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
trairais /tʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
trairait /tʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
trairions /tʁɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
trairiez /tʁɛ.ʁje/ |
trairaient /tʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | traie /tʁɛ/ |
traies /tʁɛ/ |
traie /tʁɛ/ |
trayions /tʁɛj.jɔ̃/ |
trayiez /tʁɛj.je/ |
traient /tʁɛ/ |
| imperfect1 |
trayasse /tʁɛ.jas/ |
trayasses /tʁɛ.jas/ |
trayât /tʁɛ.ja/ |
trayassions /tʁɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
trayassiez /tʁɛ.ja.sje/ |
trayassent /tʁɛ.jas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | trais /tʁɛ/ |
— | trayons /tʁɛ.jɔ̃/ |
trayez /tʁɛ.je/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Anagrams
Middle French
Verb
traire
- to fire (an arrow)
- circa 1369, Jean Froissart, Chroniques:
-
arbalestriers commencierent a traire sur le chastel
- [the] crossbowmen started to fire at the castle
-
arbalestriers commencierent a traire sur le chastel
-
Old French
Alternative forms
- treire
- trere
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *tragere, present active infinitive of *tragō, from Classical Latin trahō (“I pull”).
Verb
traire
- to pull
- (chiefly of a weapon) to draw; to unsheathe
- to pull out (extract by pulling); to remove (by pulling)
- circa 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, page 164 (of the Champion Classiques edition, ISBN 2-7453-0520-4), line 1980:
-
Un anel d'or trait de sun dei
- she removed a gold ring from her finger
-
Un anel d'or trait de sun dei
- circa 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
-
A plusurs fist traire les denz
- For many, he pulled out their teeth
-
A plusurs fist traire les denz
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of traire (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | traire | avoir trait | |||||
| gerund | en traiant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | traiant | ||||||
| past participle | trait | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | trai | trais | trait | traions | traiiez, traites | traient |
| imperfect | traioie, traieie | traioies, traieies | traioit, traieit | traiiiens, traiiens | traiiiez, traiiez | traioient, traieient | |
| preterite | trais | traisis | traist | traisimes | traisistes | traistrent | |
| future | trairai | trairas | traira | trairons | trairoiz, traireiz, trairez | trairont | |
| conditional | trairoie, traireie | trairoies, traireies | trairoit, traireit | trairiiens, trairiens | trairiiez, trairiez | trairoient, traireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | traie | traies | traie | traiiens, traions | traiiez | traient |
| imperfect | traisisse | traisisses | traisist | traisissons, traisissiens | traisissoiz, traisissez, traisissiez | traisissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | trai | — | traions | traiiez | — | ||
Related terms
Descendants
- French: traire
Old Provençal
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *tragere, present active infinitive of *tragō, from Classical Latin trahō (“I pull”).
Verb
traire
- to pull
Related terms
References
- (fr)(de) trahere in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (Walther von Wartburg, 2002)