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Definition 2026
kaklema
kaklema
Estonian
Verb
kaklema (da-infinitive kakelda)
- to fight
Conjugation
Inflection of kaklema (ÕS type 30/vaidlema, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kaklen | ei kakle | 1st sing. | olen kakelnud | ei ole kakelnud pole kakelnud |
| 2nd sing. | kakled | 2nd sing. | oled kakelnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kakleb | 3rd sing. | on kakelnud | ||
| 1st plur. | kakleme | 1st plur. | oleme kakelnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kaklete | 2nd plur. | olete kakelnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kaklevad | 3rd plur. | on kakelnud | ||
| passive | kakeldakse | ei kakelda | passive | on kakeldud | ei ole kakeldud pole kakeldud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kaklesin | ei kakelnud | 1st sing. | olin kakelnud | ei olnud kakelnud polnud kakelnud |
| 2nd sing. | kaklesid | 2nd sing. | olid kakelnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kakles | 3rd sing. | oli kakelnud | ||
| 1st plur. | kaklesime | 1st plur. | olime kakelnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kaklesite | 2nd plur. | olite kakelnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kaklesid | 3rd plur. | oli kakelnud | ||
| passive | kakeldi | ei kakeldud | passive | oli kakeldud | ei olnud kakeldud polnud kakeldud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kakleksin | ei kakleks | 1st sing. | oleksin kakelnud | ei oleks kakelnud poleks kakelnud |
| 2nd sing. | kakleksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid kakelnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kakleks | 3rd sing. | oleks kakelnud | ||
| 1st plur. | kakleksime | 1st plur. | oleksime kakelnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kakleksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite kakelnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kakleksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid kakelnud | ||
| passive | kakeldaks | ei kakeldaks | passive | oleks kakeldud | ei oleks kakeldud poleks kakeldud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | kakle | ära kakle | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | kakelgu | ärgu kakelgu | 3rd sing. | olgu kakelnud | ärgu olgu kakelnud |
| 1st plur. | kakelgem | ärgem kakelgem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | kakelge | ärge kakelge | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | kakelgu | ärgu kakelgu | 3rd plur. | olgu kakelnud | ärgu olgu kakelnud |
| passive | kakeldagu | ärgu kakeldagu | passive | olgu kakeldud | ärgu olgu kakeldud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | kaklevat | ei kaklevat | active | olevat kakelnud | ei olevat kakelnud polevat kakelnud |
| passive | kakeldavat | ei kakeldavat | passive | olevat kakeldud | ei olevat kakeldud polevat kakeldud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | kakelda | ||||||
| nominative | kaklema | kakeldama | des-form | kakeldes | |||||
| inessive | kaklemas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | kaklemast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | kaklemaks | — | present | kaklev | kakeldav | ||||
| abessive | kaklemata | — | past | kakelnud | kakeldud | ||||