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Definition 2024
ithid
ithid
Irish
Verb
ithid
- (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present indicative of ith
- (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present subjunctive of ith
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| ithid | n-ithid | hithid | t-ithid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ɸiteti, from Proto-Indo-European *peyt-. The future stem is from *ɸiɸitsāti; the perfect forms are from dí- + fo- + Proto-Celtic *ed-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-; and the subjunctive forms are from Proto-Celtic *ess-, s-subjunctive stem of *ed-.
Cognate with Old Church Slavonic питѣти (pitěti, “nourish”) and Sanskrit पितु (pitú, “food”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈiθʲiðʲ/
Verb
ithid (verbal noun ithe)
- to eat
Conjugation
Simple, class B I present, reduplicated s future, s subjunctive, s-/reduplicated perfect
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Abs. | ithim | ithid | ithit, ethait | ethair | ||||
| Conj. | ·ethat | ||||||||
| Rel. | ithes | ||||||||
| Imperfect | ·ithed, ·ethad | ·ithitis, ·ittis | |||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | do·fúaid | |||||||
| Prot. | ·dúadus | ·dóid, ·dúaid | ·dóes | ||||||
| Future | Abs. | íssaid | |||||||
| Conj. | ·íss | ·íssae | ·íssat | ||||||
| Rel. | ístae | ||||||||
| Conditional | ·íssainn | ·íssad | ·ístais | ||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | do·essur (perfective) | estir do·estar (perfective) |
||||||
| Conj. | ·essur ·dóesur (perfective) |
·estar | ·essamar ·dessamar (perfective) |
·essatar | |||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·esta | ·essad | ·estais | ||||||
| Imperative | ith | ithed | etham | ethat | |||||
| Verbal noun | ithe | ||||||||
| Past participle | eisib (dative plural) | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | — | ||||||||
| Note: only forms actually attested in Old Irish are listed here. | |||||||||
Descendants
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ithid | unchanged | n-ithid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||