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Definition 2024
espargner
espargner
Middle French
Verb
espargner
- to spare (from death, punishment, etc.)
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of espargner
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | espargner | avoir espargné | |||||
| gerund | en espargnant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | espargnant | ||||||
| past participle | espargné | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | espargne | espargnes | espargne | espargnons | espargnez | espargnent |
| imperfect | espargnois, espargnoys | espargnois, espargnoys | espargnoit, espargnoyt | espargnions, espargnyons | espargniez, espargnyez | espargnoient, espargnoyent | |
| past historic | espargna | espargnas | espargna | espargnasmes | espargnastes | espargnerent | |
| future | espargnerai, espargneray | espargneras | espargnera | espargnerons | espargnerez | espargneront | |
| conditional | espargnerois, espargneroys | espargnerois, espargneroys | espargneroit, espargneroyt | espargnerions, espargneryons | espargneriez, espargneryez | espargneroient, espargneroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | espargne | espargnes | espargne | espargnons | espargnez | espargnent |
| imperfect | espargnasse | espargnasses | espargnast | espargnassions | espargnassiez | espargnassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | espargne | — | espargnons | espargnez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: épargner
Old French
Verb
espargner
- Alternative form of espargnier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-rgn, *-rgns, *-rgnt are modified to rng, rz, rt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of espargner (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | espargner | avoir espargné | |||||
| gerund | en espargnant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | espargnant | ||||||
| past participle | espargné | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | esparng | espargnes | espargne | espargnons | espargnez | espargnent |
| imperfect | espargnoie, espargneie, espargnoe, espargneve | espargnoies, espargneies, espargnoes, espargneves | espargnoit, espargneit, espargnot, espargneve | espargniiens, espargniens | espargniiez, espargniez | espargnoient, espargneient, espargnoent, espargnevent | |
| preterite | espargnai | espargnas | espargna | espargnames | espargnastes | espargnerent | |
| future | espargnerai | espargneras | espargnera | espargnerons | espargneroiz, espargnereiz, espargnerez | espargneront | |
| conditional | espargneroie, espargnereie | espargneroies, espargnereies | espargneroit, espargnereit | espargneriiens, espargneriens | espargneriiez, espargneriez | espargneroient, espargnereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | esparng | esparz | espart | espargnons | espargnez | espargnent |
| imperfect | espargnasse | espargnasses | espargnast | espargnissons, espargnissiens | espargnissoiz, espargnissez, espargnissiez | espargnassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | espargne | — | espargnons | espargnez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: épargner