Etymology

Hồ (a common Vietnamese surname; from Sino-Vietnamese 胡) + Chí Minh ("enlightened will"; from Sino-Vietnamese 志明). It is the most common pseudonym of Nguyễn Sinh Cung (1890-1969), the founder of modern Vietnam.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ho˨˩ ṯɕi˧ˀ˦ mïŋ˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [how˧˧ ṯɕɪj˩ˀ˧ mɨ̞̠n˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [how˨˩ c̻ɪj˦ˀ˥ mɨ̞̠n˧˥]