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Definition 2024

既然

既然

Chinese

		already; since; both... (and...)	correct; right; so correct; right; so; thus; like this; -ly
simp. and trad. (既然)		既	然

Conjunction

既然

since; as

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): jìrán

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄖㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei³ jin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ki-yèn / ki-yàn
Min Nan (POJ): kì-jiân / kì-liân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: jìrán
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄖㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jihran
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʐa̠n³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei³ jin⁴
  - Yale: gei yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei³ jin⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /kei̯³³ jiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki-yèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi ienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi⁴ yan²
  - IPA: /ki⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki-yàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi (r)ianˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi⁴ yan²
  - IPA: /ki⁵⁵ (j)i̯an¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kì-jiân / kì-liân
  - Tâi-lô: kì-jiân / kì-liân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiejieen, kielieen
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ki²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ʑiɛn²⁴/, /ki²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ d͡ʑiɛn²⁴/, /ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ʑiɛn¹³/, /ki²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki¹¹⁻⁵³ d͡ʑiɛn²⁴/, /ki¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²¹⁻⁴¹ d͡ʑiɛn²³/, /ki²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn²³/