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Definition 2024
ἐγώ
ἐγώ
See also: εγώ
Ancient Greek
| case | first person | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | ||
| str. | encl. | str. | str. | |
| nominative | ἐγώ | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμεῖς | |
| genitive | ἐμοῦ | μου | νῷν | ἡμῶν |
| dative | ἐμοί | μοι | νῷν | ἡμῖν |
| accusative | ἐμέ | με | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμᾶς |
| adjective | ἐμός | ἡμέτερος | ||
Alternative forms
- ἐγών (egṓn)
- ἰώ (iṓ), ἱών (hiṓn) Boeotian
- ἔγω (égō) Aeolic
- ἔγωγε (égōge) emphatic
- ἐγώνγα (egṓnga) Doric, emphatic
- ἰώνγα (iṓnga), ἰώνει (iṓnei), ἰώγα (iṓga) Boeotian, emphatic
Pronoun
ἐγώ • (egṓ) (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Thessalian, Koine)
- first person singular personal pronoun: I, me, my
- (emphatic form ἔγωγε) I at least, I for my part
- (in answer to a yes-no question about a verb) yes, I do, I did, etc.; (with negative) no, I don't, I didn't, etc. (depending on the verb)
- 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Meno 71.b–71c
-
Σωκράτης ἢ δοκεῖ σοι οἷόν τε εἶναι, ὅστις Μένωνα μὴ γιγνώσκει ... ὅστις ἐστίν, τοῦτον εἰδέναι εἴτε καλὸς εἴτε πλούσιος εἴτε καὶ γενναῖός ἐστιν ... ;
Μένων οὐκ ἔμοιγε. ἀλλὰ σύ, ὦ Σώκρατες, ἀληθῶς οὐδ᾽ ὅτι ἀρετή ἐστιν οἶσθα ... ;
Σωκράτης μὴ μόνον γε, ὦ ἑταῖρε, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅτι οὐδ᾽ ἄλλῳ πω ἐνέτυχον εἰδότι ... .
Μένων τί δέ; Γοργίᾳ οὐκ ἐνέτυχες ὅτε ἐνθάδε ἦν;
Σωκράτης ἔγωγε.- Socrates: Or do you think that if someone doesn't know who Meno is, he could know if he is good or rich or noble?
Meno: I don't. But you, Socrates, do you really not know what virtue is?
Socrates: Not only that, my friend, but I've also never met anyone else who did know.
Meno: What? Didn't you meet Gorgias when he was here?
Socrates: I did.
- Socrates: Or do you think that if someone doesn't know who Meno is, he could know if he is good or rich or noble?
-
Σωκράτης ἢ δοκεῖ σοι οἷόν τε εἶναι, ὅστις Μένωνα μὴ γιγνώσκει ... ὅστις ἐστίν, τοῦτον εἰδέναι εἴτε καλὸς εἴτε πλούσιος εἴτε καὶ γενναῖός ἐστιν ... ;
-
- (in answer to a yes-no question about a verb) yes, I do, I did, etc.; (with negative) no, I don't, I didn't, etc. (depending on the verb)
Usage notes
ἐγών (egṓn) is used in Epic mostly before vowels, and is used in Doric also before consonants. The dual and plural are νώ (nṓ) and ἡμεῖς (hēmeîs).
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἐγώ; ἔγωγε‡ | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | ἐμοῦ; μου†; ἐμοῦγε‡ | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ἐμοί; μοι†; ἔμοιγε‡ | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | ἐμέ; με†; ἐμέγε‡ | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | - | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
†enclitic |
||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἐμός (emós)
Descendants
- Greek: εγώ (egó)
See also
References
- ἐγώ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἐγώ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἐγώ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- «ἐγώ» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- «ἐγώ» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
- ἐγώ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “G1473”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- i idem, page 413.
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 325
- William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.82f.