Persian

Alternative forms

• اسپند ‎(ispand, aspand)

Noun

سپند • ‎(sipand)

1. wild rue (Peganum harmala)

Descendants

• Arabic: إسفند ‎(isfand)
• Middle Armenian: սպանդ ‎(spand)
• Wakhi: spandr

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “سپند”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 277
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “սպանդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, page 260ab
• Steblin-Kamenskij, I. M. (1999), “spandr”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, pages 314—315
• Cabolov, R. L. (2010), “siping”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 263
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “spenāg”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 76