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Definition 2024


%e7%81%ab

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

  • (when used as a bottom Chinese radical)

Han character

(radical 86 火+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 火 (F), four-corner 90800)

  1. Kangxi radical #86, (fire).

Derived characters

  • Index:Chinese radical/火
  • ()

References

  • KangXi: page 665, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18850
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1073, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2187, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+706B

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʰʷaːlʔ
*qʰʷaːlʔ
*qʰʷaːlʔ

Pictogram (象形) – pictographic representation of a fire.

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (32)
Final () (95)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/huɑX/
Pan
Wuyun
/huɑX/
Shao
Rongfen
/xuɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hwaX/
Li
Rong
/xuɑX/
Wang
Li
/xuɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xuɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huǒ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
huǒ
Middle
Chinese
‹ xwaX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[qʷʰ]ˤəjʔ/
English fire

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5540
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qʰʷaːlʔ/

Definitions

  1. fire; flame
  2. fire (as a disaster); inferno
  3. red; fiery; bright; brilliant
  4. to burn down
  5. light; torch
  6. anger; rage; wrath
  7. to become enraged
  8. angry; furious
  9. (TCM) internal heat
  10. firearm; ammunition; weapon
  11. war; warfare
  12. thriving; brisk
  13. urgent; pressing
  14. (neologism) to become popular; to go viral
  15. Short for 火星 (Huǒxīng, “Mars”).

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. fire

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

(hi, ho, fu, ka): fire.
Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. /hi2/: [pɨ] > [ɸɨ] > [ɸi] > [çi].[1]

Possibly a later development from older form ho (see below).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji hi)

  1. a fire; flames
  2. a light
  3. heat
Derived terms
Idioms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. /ho/: [po] > [ɸo] > [ho].[1]

Only used in compounds, whereas hi (see above) appears even in ancient texts as a standalone term. Probably the oldest form. Possibly cognate with Korean (bul, fire).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ho)

  1. a fire
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Ancient dialect form in eastern Japan.[1] Found in compounds.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji fu)

  1. a fire
Derived terms

Etymology 4

火(か): fire in the Wu Xing system
火(か): Antares in the Scorpio constellation
Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (xwaX).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ka, historical hiragana くわ)

  1. fire
  2. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia
  3. under the old Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, a military grouping, consisting of 10 soldiers: a squad
Idioms
  • 火中 (かちゅう) (くり) (ひろ) (kachū no kuri o hirō): “to pick chestnuts out of a fire” → to take a risk
Synonyms

Proper noun

(hiragana , romaji Ka, historical hiragana くわ)

  1. Tuesday
  2. Antares, in the constellation Scorpio
Synonyms

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(hwa)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: hwa, McCune-Reischauer: hwa, Yale: hwa)
  • Name (hangeul):  (revised: bul, McCune-Reischauer: pul, Yale: pul)
  1. fire

Compounds

Noun

(hwa) (hangeul )

  1. fire
  2. anger
  3. (as an abbreviation) Tuesday

Synonyms

  • (Tuesday): 화요일 (hwayoil, “Tuesday”)

Vietnamese

Han character

(hoả, , )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.